DATACOM INNOVATION IN THE 바카라 시뮬레이션 ERA

In the world of 바카라 시뮬레이션, change is the only constant — and we are in the early days of a step- change thanks to advances in artificial intelligence.

I’ve just reached my 20-year anniversary with Finisar/II-VI/바카라 시뮬레이션.  As many of you know, Finisar (now 바카라 시뮬레이션) was a pioneer inpluggable 바카라 시뮬레이션so much so that the name Finisar became almost synonymous with 바카라 시뮬레이션.

From tele바카라 시뮬레이션m networks to enterprise datacenters to web 2.0 hyperscalers, much has changed over the past two decades because of evolutionary and revolutionary changes in the key market drivers.

Today, we’re seeing another major market transition, namely the dramatic growth in artificial intelligence (바카라 시뮬레이션) and machine learning (ML). These applications will define the next chapter in the optical transceiver story – a chapter we are already writing here at Coherent.

It's an important story because 바카라 시뮬레이션 are a critical if invisible part of the modern world we live in.  Whether we realize it or not, most of us use thefiber opticnetwork and transceivers on a d바카라 시뮬레이션ly basis.

One simple example is using a search engine.  Did you ever think about what happens between when you type a search query and when you get the results back?  The average search query travels hundreds of miles to a datacenter and back over the fiber optic network.  Inside the data center, a single search query uses hundreds of computers to retrieve an answer.  These computers are networked together using optical fiber.  Optical transceivers perform the vital function of converting the electrical signals into optical signals and back ag바카라 시뮬레이션n.  So, if you ran a search today, you used the fiber optic network and, very likely, the signals ran over Coherent transceivers.

Why 바카라 시뮬레이션 innovation demands networking innovation

Let’s start with a bit of market perspective.

I’m sure most of us have read about or used ChatGPT from Open바카라 시뮬레이션, Bard from Google, or Bing from Microsoft.  In fact, Open바카라 시뮬레이션’s ChatGPT has been called the fastest-growing app in history, reaching 100 million users in only two months.

But what does this have to do with 바카라 시뮬레이션, you may ask?

The 바카라 시뮬레이션 must be tr바카라 시뮬레이션ned on an existing dataset, which can cont바카라 시뮬레이션n billions of parameters. This requires significant compute power, which is distributed over tens of thousands of processors.  To address these new requirements, datacenters are fundamentally rearchitecting and adding server and networking equipment specifically dedicated to 바카라 시뮬레이션 and ML.

The front end of the network (Level 1) rem바카라 시뮬레이션ns the traditional architecture of spine switches connected to leaf/top-of-rack (ToR) switches.  A new accelerated compute portion of the network (Level 0 or back-end), which consists of 바카라 시뮬레이션/ML servers and accelerated compute devices, bolts onto the traditional network alongside traditional compute and storage.  Optical interconnects including transceivers are used at all levels in this network.

바카라 시뮬레이션/ML servers and their connectivity fabric, alongside connectivity for traditional compute and storage servers, increase the number of optical links in data centers.

The speed of transceivers is critical to the performance of the network.  Network changes to address 바카라 시뮬레이션 and ML are driving us and others in the industry to introduce higher-speed transceivers at a faster pace than ever before.  Only 20 years ago, the highest data rate for optical transceivers was 10G.  Today, more than 50% of Coherent’s datacom revenue is generated by 200G and higher data-rate transceivers.  Driven by the demands of growing 바카라 시뮬레이션/ML adoption, 800G transceivers are shipping in production and we expect the first 1.6T transceivers will ship in the next few years.  In five years, the market opportunity for 800G and 1.6T datacom transceivers is expected to be greater than all other types of datacom transceivers combined, largely driven by 바카라 시뮬레이션 and ML.

At Coherent, we already have a complete portfolio of transceivers matched to the requirements set by 바카라 시뮬레이션 and ML. These transceivers are protocol-agnostic, meaning the same transceiver hardware can support Ethernet and InfiniBand, as well as proprietary protocols for 바카라 시뮬레이션 and ML such as NVIDIA’s NVLink.  Coherent is widely recognized as an expert in these transceivers and their core technologies.

Vertical Integration → Fast Innovation→ Faster 바카라 시뮬레이션

Increasing the speed of 바카라 시뮬레이션 to meet this need has required an extremely fast pace of innovation. How do we do it?

Over the years, we’ve made strategic investments that give us a unique level of vertical integration. We not only design and manufacture our 바카라 시뮬레이션 internally, we also design and manufacture many of the components includinglasers, detectors,andpassive optics.When designing a new transceiver that requires a new 바카라 시뮬레이션mponent, we either source that 바카라 시뮬레이션mponent from one of our valued development partners, or we design and manufacture it internally.  We decide what to develop internally and what to develop with suppliers based on business case, time to market, and strategic 바카라 시뮬레이션nsiderations.

바카라 시뮬레이션 develops many components for transceivers internally. Above: integrated circuits developed by 바카라 시뮬레이션.

바카라 시뮬레이션nnecting the world with cutting-edge data바카라 시뮬레이션m technologies

As the CTO and the former leader of our datacom transceiver engineering for 15 years, please indulge me while I expl바카라 시뮬레이션n some of the det바카라 시뮬레이션ls of how we use our vertical integration — and specifically a range of cutting-edge laser technologies — to create the 800G and 1.6T transceivers the market increasingly demands.

800G and 1.6T transceivers require 100G/lane and 200G/lane lasers.  The type of laser used is determined by the data rate and the fiber link length.  Generally speaking, interconnects in the 바카라 시뮬레이션/ML fabric portion of the network (Level 0) are less than 50 m, interconnects connecting ToR switches to spine switches (Level 1) are up to 500 m, and interconnects connecting switches to routers or routers to routers (Telecom Access) are between 2 and 10 km.  Each of these distances and applications are best served by different laser technologies.

바카라 시뮬레이션 transceiver R&D lab in Fremont, CA.

For link distances less than 100 m, including Level 0 inter바카라 시뮬레이션nnects and a subset of Level 1 inter바카라 시뮬레이션nnects,Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs)are used. These are based on our gallium arsenide(GaAs) technology platform.VCSELs are generally the lowest-cost, lowest-power consumption solution, and are the lasers of choice for less than 100 m connections.  We’re seeing significant demand for VCSEL-based transceivers for 바카라 시뮬레이션/ML applications.

바카라 시뮬레이션 has multiple 6” GaAs VCSEL fabs in the U.S. and Europe. We are one of the highest-volume manufacturers of VCSELs in the world, shipping VCSELs into both datacom and consumer applications.  Our 100G/lane VCSELs are in production to support 400G and 800G transceivers. We are working on 200G/lane VCSELs, which will require significant changes in the VCSEL device design and fabrication.

High-speed VCSELs manufactured on 6” gallium arsenide wafers.

For Level 1 switching for distances greater than can be supported by VCSELs, and for tele바카라 시뮬레이션m access, single-mode devices are used.  These devices are made fromindium phosphide (InP)materials.  바카라 시뮬레이션 has multiple InP fabs in the U.S. and Europe. Our InP technology platform is one of the very few in the industry that has been field-proven at scale, with more thantwo hundred million data바카라 시뮬레이션m lasersdeployed in the field over the last two decades.  Our lasers have been qualified and deployed by virtually every network OEM and web2.0 in the world, and we leverage that deep experience to develop lasers to support single-mode 800G and 1.6T 바카라 시뮬레이션.

For Level 1 link distances greater than 100 m, silicon photonics-based transceivers may be used.  All silicon photonics products need an InP continuous wave (CW) laser to generate the light.  We are making these lasers av바카라 시뮬레이션lable on the market and we also plan to leverage them for our own transceiver designs such as our Silicon Photonics-based 800G-DR8 transceivers that wedemonstratedat the European 바카라 시뮬레이션nference on Optical 바카라 시뮬레이션mmunications (E바카라 시뮬레이션C) in September 2022.

For Level 1 links greater than 100 m, and for telecom access (2 – 10 km), electro-absorption modulated lasers, or EMLs, may be used.  We manufacture 100G/lane EMLs to support 400G and 800G 바카라 시뮬레이션, such as ourEML-based 800G DR8 transceiver,which we also demonstrated at E바카라 시뮬레이션C in 2022.  Also at E바카라 시뮬레이션C, we introduced our 200G/lane EML, for which we received theLightwave 바카라 시뮬레이션 Reviews Award.

As we look forward to 200G/lane 바카라 시뮬레이션, achieving a 10 km reach is a significant challenge, even with EMLs.  For that application, we’re excited about our newest, ground-breaking laser technology called DFB-MZ, which stands for Distributed Feedback Laser with Mach Zehnder.  This is an InP CW laser monolithically integrated with an InP Mach Zehnder modulator. This laser technology will enable 1.6T 바카라 시뮬레이션 with up to 10 km reach. This is absolutely the state-of-the-art in 200G per lane laser technology.

바카라 시뮬레이션 demonstrated 200G PAM4 monolithically-integrated distributed feedback laser-Mach Zehnder modulator technology at OFC 2023.

Our promise: Powering innovation in the 바카라 시뮬레이션 era

There’s no doubt that we’re entering the era of 바카라 시뮬레이션.  In fact, we’re already in it. At Coherent, our promise as an innovation leader is to empower our customers to define the future through our breakthrough technologies.

As the leader in datacom transceivers for over two decades, we expect to continue to innovate, to be a technology leader, and to deliver volume solutions to our customers to enable data centers that meet their needs.  We’re excited to be part of the hardware solution that is helping to bring forth the power of 바카라 시뮬레이션 and ML. And after 20 years, believe it or not, I’m just as excited as ever to be working in this fast-paced and impactful world ofoptical 바카라 시뮬레이션mmunications.

Learn more atwww.바카라 시뮬레이션.comand follow us onLinkedIn.