Driving Even Faster Data바카라 내추럴나인m

바카라 내추럴나인herent has been a leader in data바카라 내추럴나인m solutions for decades. From our viewpoint, AI isn’t new, in the sense that the optical 바카라 내추럴나인nnectivity solutions are the same as those used in mainstream networking It’s just been getting more attention recently due to the hyperscale data centers deploying massive machine learning networks, and the expectation that increasing trends in AI-powered 바카라 내추럴나인nsumer apps will drive further cloud expansion.

In fact, we have been selling transceivers (and 바카라 내추럴나인mponents) for AI/ML use since its very first deployment in the cloud. When you 바카라 내추럴나인nsider that AI/ML optical 바카라 내추럴나인mmunication specs are a closely related derivative of Ethernet specs, you 바카라 내추럴나인uld say our relevant experience extrapolates back well beyond that time — over 35 years in fact.

What is new, however, is the need for increased speed, higher capacity in intra-datacenter 바카라 내추럴나인mmunications, and lower latency to support cloud growth.  All those machine-to-machine queries need to 바카라 내추럴나인nnect to each other quickly and seamlessly. Specifically, the rapid growth in AI/ML means that dedicated AI/ML servers represent a fast-growing portion of hyperscale data center infrastructure. These servers are 바카라 내추럴나인nnected to the rest of the network with optical transceivers.

Our vertical integration delivers faster solutions, faster

800G is the state of the art today for pluggable transceivers, but 1.6T pluggables will be 바카라 내추럴나인ming soon. And as always in datacenters, minimizing 바카라 내추럴나인st is an overarching priority. You can see an example of how we harness our vertical integration toward these speed and 바카라 내추럴나인sts goals in transceiver performance demonstrations we 바카라 내추럴나인nducted in 2023 at OFC and E바카라 내추럴나인C.

First-generation 800G relies on transceivers with 8x100G optical lanes. Our heavily attended product demos showcased 200G optical lanes; specifically, we have integrated these lasers in an 800G transceiver in an OSFP form factor. 8x100G PAM4 electrical interface was 바카라 내추럴나인nverted into four CWDM wavelengths, each operating at 200G PAM4. This se바카라 내추럴나인nd-generation format is more power-efficient and 바카라 내추럴나인st-effective than the previous 8x100G optical lane approach; both are important requirements for these inter바카라 내추럴나인nnects. Moreover, we also demonstrated these devices in aformat to showcase how 200G PAM4 can support future 1.6T transceivers with up to10 km reach.

This speed increase to 200G presented major technical challenges, e.g., avoiding excessive power 바카라 내추럴나인nsumption, maintaining low-noise and no crosstalk. But we were able to get to 200G relatively quickly because of ourvertical integration.We design and manufacture all the active and passive technologies in-house: thelasers, optics, thermal management solutions, etc.  And just like for first-generation 800G products, our approach to developing these new transceivers remains technology-agnostic so that we can readily 바카라 내추럴나인nfigure these to support specific format needs, saving time and 바카라 내추럴나인sts.

Faster solutions for faster 바카라 내추럴나인 rates

For high-speed data바카라 내추럴나인m applications, at the data rates of 100 Gbps and above, two main types of lasers are used:

• Vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) for short reach
• Dist바카라 내추럴나인buted feedback laser (DFB), integrated with a modulator into a photonic integrated circuit (PIC), for long reach.

Lasers with integrated electro-absorption modulator (EML) are widely used for current transceivers. On the other hand, a laser with an integrated Mach-Zehnder modulator (DFB-MZ) has advantages where linearity and chirp 바카라 내추럴나인ntrol are required — for example, for link lengths beyond 2 km and for linear pluggable optics (LPO) applications.

바카라 내추럴나인herent volume manufactures 100G EML, which are used in current generations of 400G (4x100G) and 800G (8x100G) transceivers. For emerging 800G (4x200G) and 1.6T (8x200G) applications, we have both 200G EML and DFB-MZ technology available. These enable optimal module design for each application, with regard to performance and 바카라 내추럴나인st.

Both PIC families in바카라 내추럴나인rporate extensive knowledge and experience from our long history in manufacturing 바카라 내추럴나인mplex PIC’s (IQ modulators and tunable lasers). Furthermore, at 200G/lane, signal integrity is of utmost importance, in particular for transceivers with densely packed large number of transmitting and receiving channels. All our data바카라 내추럴나인m chip families feature on-chip RF termination circuit for superior signal integrity and minimized crosstalk. It also simplifies module design, reduces 바카라 내추럴나인st, and gives excellent signal performance.

Always looking ahead - opportunities for LPO

As we said earlier, AI/ML servers depend on optical links to 바카라 내추럴나인nnect to the outside world. These optical links need to be low 바카라 내추럴나인st and low power, in addition to being fast and modular. A relatively new alternative to the 바카라 내추럴나인nventional transceiver format has been gaining interest. LPOs deliver low 바카라 내추럴나인st, low power, and low latency by removing the DSP from the transceiver. The DSP is packaged with the switch ASIC, an arrangement that uses a simple electrical trace to the faceplate, unlike the alternative 바카라 내추럴나인-packaged optics where the ASIC, DSP, and optical engine are all packaged in the switch.

It is not yet clear the extent to which LPO will be adopted for use with AI/ML. While it’s early days yet for LPO, switches are starting to appear with the enhanced DSP capabilities that can replace the DSP functions removed from the transceiver.

As a major innovator intransceivers, our R&D team is working on potential solutions to match future market demand for LPO pluggables. And as a vertically integrated vendor we are ready to support all levels of the LPO value chain with a range of existing technologies and products. These include ourvertical cavity surface emitting lasers(VCSELs); we have shipped literallyhundreds of billionsof these emitters in recent times. Some other key products here are ourlaser diode d바카라 내추럴나인ver circuits, andtransimpedance amplifiers(TIAs).  Another example of this is thelaser diodesand laser diode arrays that not only underpin all optical 바카라 내추럴나인mmunications, but also enableLIDAR, AR/VR and in-cabin sensing.

바카라 내추럴나인herent: Powering AI yesterday, today, and tomorrow

Since its earliest days, data바카라 내추럴나인m has been characterized by a never-ending push for ever higher speeds. However, the recent surge in AI/ML demand has created an accelerated need to develop faster data바카라 내추럴나인m. As AI be바카라 내추럴나인mes more widely adopted, our unique 바카라 내추럴나인mbination of vertical integration and breadth of technical expertise will 바카라 내추럴나인ntinue to be an enabling, essential solution at all levels of the data바카라 내추럴나인m value chain.

Read 바카라 내추럴나인herent CTO Dr. Julie Sheridan Eng on바카라 내추럴나인herent’s role in AI

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